CBSE Grade 11 Biology

What is Living? Biodiversity

Need for Classification

Taxonomy and Systematics

Concept of Species and Taxonomical Hierarchy

Binomial Nomenclature

Tools for Study of Taxonomy

Five Kingdom Classification

Salient Features and Classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi into Major Groups

Lichens, Viruses and Viroids

Salient Features and Classification of plants into Major Groups

Angiosperms - Classification up to Class, Characteristic Features and Example

Plant Life Cycles and Alternation of Generations

Basis of Classification

Salient Features and Classification of Animals

Non-Chordates up to Phyla Level and Chordates up to Class Level

Morphology and Modifications

Morphology of Different Parts of Flowering Plants

Root, Stem, Leaf, Inflorescence, Flower, Fruit and Seed

Description of Families

Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

Anatomy and Functions of Different Tissues and Tissue systems in Dicots and Monocots.

Secondary Growth

Animal Tissues

Morphology, Anatomy and Functions of Different Systems of an Insect-Cockroach

Cell Theory and Cell as the Basic Unit of Life

Structure of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Plant Cell and Animal Cell

Cell Envelope

Cell Membrane

Cell Wall

Cell Organelles - Structure and Function

Endomembrane System- Endoplasmic Reticulum, Ribosomes, Golgi bodies, Lysosomes, Vacuoles

Mitochondria, Plastids, Microbodies

Cytoskeleton, Cilia, Flagella, Centrioles

Nucleus

Chemical Constituents of Living Cells

Biomolecules, Structure and Function of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids

Concept of Metabolism

Enzymes - Properties, Enzyme Action, Factors, Classification, Co-factors

Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis and Their Significance

Movement of Water, Gases and Nutrients

Cell to Cell Transport

Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, Active Transport

Plant-Water Relations, Imbibition, Water Potential, Osmosis, Plasmolysis

Long Distance Transport of Water

Absorption, Apoplast, Symplast, Transpiration Pull, Root Pressure and Guttation

Transpiration, Opening and Closing of Stomata

Uptake and Translocation of Mineral Nutrients

Transport of Food, Phloem Transport, Mass Flow Hypothesis

Elementary Idea of Hydroponics as a Method to Study Mineral Nutrition

Essential Minerals, Macro and Micronutrients and Their Role

Deficiency Symptoms

Mineral Toxicity

Nitrogen Metabolism, Nitrogen Cycle, Biological Nitrogen Fixation

Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic Nutrition

Early Experiments

Site of Photosynthesis

Pigments Involved in Photosynthesis

Photochemical and Biosynthetic Phases of Photosynthesis

Cyclic and Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation

Chemiosmotic Hypothesis

Photorespiration

C3 and C4 Pathways

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

Exchange of Gases

Do Plants Breathe

Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

Fermentation

TCA Cycle

Electron Transport System

Energy Relations - Number of ATP Molecules Generated

Amphibolic Pathways

Respiratory Quotient

Seed Germination

Characteristics, Measurements and Phases of Plant Growth, Growth Rate

Conditions for Growth

Differentiation, Dedifferentiation and Re-differentiation

Sequence of Developmental Processes in a Plant Cell

Growth Regulators - Auxin, Gibberellin, Cytokinin, Ethylene, ABA

Seed Dormancy

Vernalisation

Photoperiodism

Alimentary Canal and Digestive Glands

Role of Digestive Enzymes and Gastrointestinal Hormones

Peristalsis, Digestion, Absorption and Assimilation of Proteins, Carbohydrates and Fats

Egestion

Nutritional and Digestive Disorders - Indigestion, Constipation, Vomiting, Jaundice, Diarrhoea

Introduction to Respiratory Organs in Animals

Respiratory System in Humans

Mechanism of Breathing and its Regulation in Humans

Exchange of Gases, Transport of Gases and Regulation of Respiration, Respiratory Volumes

Disorders Related to Respiration - Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational Respiratory Disorders

Composition of Blood, Blood Groups, Coagulation of Blood

Composition of Lymph and its Function

Circulatory Pathways

Human Circulatory System - Structure of Human Heart and Blood Vessels

Cardiac Cycle, Cardiac Output, ECG

Double Circulation

Regulation of Cardiac Activity

Disorders of Circulatory System - Hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease, Angina Pectoris, Heart Failure

Modes of Excretion – Ammonotelism, Ureotelism, Uricotelism

Human Excretory System – Structure and Function

Urine Formation, Osmoregulation

Regulation of Kidney Function - Renin - Angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH, Diabetes Insipidus

Micturition

Role of Other Organs in Excretion

Disorders - Uremia, Renal Failure, Renal Calculi, Nephritis

Dialysis and Artificial Kidney, Kidney Transplant

Types of Movement – Amoeboid, Ciliary, Flagellar, Muscular

Types of Muscles

Skeletal Muscle, Contractile Proteins and Muscle Contraction

Skeletal System and its Functions

Joints

Disorders of Muscular and Skeletal Systems - Myasthenia Gravis, Tetany, Muscular Dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout

Neuron and Nerves

Nervous System in Humans - Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Generation, Conduction and Transmission of Nerve Impulse

Reflex Action

Sensory Perception

Sense Organs

Elementary Structure and Functions of Eye and Ear

Endocrine Glands and Hormones

Human Endocrine System - Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads

Hormones of Heart, Kidney and Gastrointestinal Tract

Mechanism of Hormone Action

Role of Hormones as Messengers and Regulators, Hypo - and Hyperactivity and Related Disorders

Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, Goiter, Exophthalmic Goiter, Diabetes, Addison's Disease